CL+immune+response+SAC

Set up this page however you wish to show the progress of your research and development of your presentation on an aspect of the immune response.

I plan to talk about anticoagulants and coagulants regarding applications to medicine. Is that okay? I cant really think of much else. Also do we get penalised if we go over 10 minutes, i shouldn't but im just curious to know. If we as humans are intervening in the body's processes then it is an application, particularly if we are trying to treat/fix a medical problem.You will not be penalised for going over 10min because I will not allow you to, your talk will be stopped at 10min and then questions from the audience will follow.VM

The body contains a natural process to stop bleeding from minor cuts in a matter of several minutes. When a small artery is cut, the collagen fibers in its tissue are exposed, which signals clotting process to begin. As platelets begin to adhere to the cut edges, they release chemicals to attract even more platelets. Eventually a platelet plug is formed, and the external bleeding stops. Clotting factors in the blood cause strands of blood-borne material, called fibrin, to stick together and seal the inside of the wound. Eventually, the cut blood vessel heals, and the blood clot dissolves after several days
 * BLOOD CLOTTING **
 * GENERAL INFORMATION ON BLOOD CLOTTING **

http://www.mhhe.com/biosci/esp/2002_general/Esp/folder_structure/tr/m1/s7/trm1s7_3.htm http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/06/images/061016.clotting.jpg
 * Animation Site that I am planning to use to help me explain the clotting process:**
 * Visual Aids that could possibly will be used:**
 * http://www.merck.com/media/mmhe2/figures/MMHE_14_173_01_eps.gif

FIRST PART OF ORAL ** 1st Part of oral is to talk about blood clotting, therefore i will use some of the information above, the animation as well as these important components of blood clotting:
 * What is the process? **
 * [|Hemostasis] (the cessation or termination of blood loss from a damaged vessel)
 * Coagulation (complex process by which blood forms solid clots)
 * Coagulation involves both a cellular (platelet) and a protein (coagulation factor) component
 * [|Platelets] ( [|cell] fragments circulating in the [|blood] that are involved in the cellular mechanisms of primary [|hemostasis] leading to the formation of [|blood clots] )
 * Platelets immediately form a hemostatic plug at the site of injury; this is called //primary hemostasis//. Secondary hemostasis occurs simultaneously— [|proteins] in the [|blood plasma], called //coagulation factors//, respond in a complex cascade to form [|fibrin] strands which strengthen the platelet plug.
 * Important clotting factors include thromboplastin and factor VIII (anti haemophilia factor)
 * In damaged tissue, factors other than clotting are also involved in preventing blood loss

2nd Part of the talk will be relating to which part of immunity blood clotting relates to. I will use diagrams to help explain as well as some of this information aswell: It is part of protective responses, as it isn’t targeting any pathogens but attempting to make sure that the body doesn’t make it easy for them to enter 3rd part I will be talking about the disease haemophilia, which helps explain why clotting is such an important factor of immune response  Haemophilia is a blood condition in which an essential clotting factor is either partly or completely missing. This causes a person with haemophilia to bleed for longer than normal. ** This part of the oral, i will be talking about the application towards medicine. I will be talking about coagulants and anticoagulants. This is a section of the information that i will be using as i will go into a bit more depth.
 * SECOND PART OF ORAL **
 * What part of immunity is it and why?  **
 * It is a part of non specific immunity
 * It is a very general response
 * Innate
 * Part of second line of defence which includes the mechanisms that initially deal with any foreign substances present in the body
 * How does it aid in this overall immunity process? **
 * Prevents blood loss which can be dangerous and result in other immune responses further on
 * For external wounds, clotting also prevents the entry of pathogens. If pathogens enter, further immunity processes are required to combat it
 * It is a protective response. Its aim is to ensure that further immunity responses are not required
 * THIRD PART OF ORAL**
 * HAEMOPHILIA**
 * Understands that important clotting factors, factors 8 and 9, are mutated or ill-functiong in people with haemophilia and thus their blood does not clot.
 * Factor **8** and **9** can be extracted from donated blood, usually pooled from several thousand donors, and purified. Injections of this material can halt episodes of bleeding in haemophiliacs.
 * FOURTH PART OF ORAL
 * Coagulants **
 * Promote clotting
 * Realises that enzymes involved with clotting or vitamins required or the number of required platelets are not present.
 * In emergency cases inject fibrinogen into area to promote clotting.
 * Anticoagulants and drugs that reduce clotting **
 * Helps prevent the clotting (coagulation) of blood
 * Prevent new clots from forming or an existing clot from enlarging