biol+3+exam+revision

This is where we revise!

-Okay, this is a site where you can download summary revision cards for all different subects including our all time fave-biolllogggyyyyyyy, its kinda cool, you can download it onto your ipod and flip through and study that way. hope it helps :) http://podcards.com.au/ I agree, they're totally awesome. I have them on my ipod too and its good to help you remember the basics for the exam!

Can we please revise: -C3, C4 and CAM -Flowering

**Hi voj, i dont know where to put exam q's so im just going to ask my Q here:). I was wandering if all organisms including plants carry out cellular respiration, and if so do plants need oxygen (yes of they do do c. respiration) thanx :)**

//A. Yes, all organisms/cells need to carry out cellular respiration but not all carry out aerobic respiration (ie need oxygen) as some bacteria can only survive in low or zero oxygen environements. These bacteria survive by carrying out anaerobic respriation which still prodcues 2 ATP. AND YES PLANTS RESPIRE TOO. How would their cells make ATP if they didn't? Just because they can produce glucose, this is not enough, as the breakdown of glucose needs to happen to produce ATP. So plants need oxygen too as they carry aerobic respiration. VM //

- they are excreated by a neuron (or neuro secretory glands, hypothamlamus) - travel in the blood - target target cells **
 * Q. hi Voj, im doing a question on nuerohormones and i dont actually know what they are, it this right:

//A. neurohormones are signalling molecules. you already know that neurons release neurotransmitters into a synaptic cleft as a means for communicating with another neuron or muscle. Some neurons (called neurosecretory cells) when stimulated will release neurohormones that travel in the blood and usually go to the pituitary (the master gland) and have an effect there. So you are right in what you said above but don't used excreted, use the word secreted. VM// 1. just wondering, if you were asked to write the equation for the light dependent stage of photosynthesis.. do you say the outputs are: a) hydrogen ions, oxygen, ATP or.. b) NADPH, oxygen and ATP..hmm..? **
 * Goodevening voij.

//Good evening gossip girl. A. If your inputs are NADP, ADP+P and H2O, then you should write the outputs as NADPH, ATP and O2. I think this is the best way and the most accurate way.VM //

**2. What are we required to know about microscopes (light, electron) etc. ?**

//A. This is really unit 1 so you should not get a question that directly assesses you on this but it is ASSUMED knowledge. You should know that light microscopes magnify up to ~1000times and only reveal certain cell characteristics. Electron microscopes magnify 20,000 times and reveal detail of organelle structure. That's about it. I think it is important you know what each of the main organelles looks like under an electron microsope. eg mitochondrion, chloroplast etc VM //

ok i dont have any other questions but im one edit away from winning back my top top contributor spot. sorry for the inconvenience. Well how about asking a question about a concept or simply writing a good response for a definition question for everyone to see! VM

**Q. hi Voj, im doing a prac exam and its a experiment question, it says the experiment has a positive control and a negative control, what does this mean. Its about antivenom and SVDK (snake venom detection kit).**

//A. i would not expect VCAA to be asking you about positive and negative control, that would be nasty. Obviously knowing what a control set up is is important, as is knowing what controlled variables means. I don't have the question in front of me but in that question i think the negative control is referring to a set up where they would expect to get a negative result and the positive control would be to get a positive result to the antiserum. This is telling them that the test kit is working properly and therefore when they put a sample in to test, they can be confident that the result they get is accurate. If this doesn't make sense, don't worry. For any question in the VCAA exam read the info carefully as this will give you the help you need to try and extract the relevant idea that is needed. VM//

**Q hi again hehe, do different neurotransmitters sent different messages, fore example the stimulus smell would each different odour cause a different neurotransmitter to be released, and is this due to the odour molecules shape? :) thanx**

//A. Hey, this reminds me of an exam question I did so maybe it's the same one! From what I remember, and I may not be correct...when the odour molecules enter the body, it would stimulate the release of a particular neurotransmitter that responds to the stimulus of smell, like you said. I think the way that we are able to differentiate between the different odours is that the neurotransmitter will bind to a particular receptor that enables us to smell the particular odour. So I reckon that we probably don't have different neurotransmitters released due to different odours (cause then we'd need HEAPS), it's just that they probably just bind to different receptors on the post-synaptic membrane that correspond to different odours. Hope that helps...and I hope that's right! :-P AH// //Sounds pretty good to me AH. VM//

**Q. Can a vector in a tape-worm lifecycle be an intermediate host also? I'm assuming a vector is what enables the pathogen to enter it's primary host. Except intermediate host have the potential to be harmed in the process. Can the survival of vectors ever be compromised due to the pathogen they are carrying?**

//A. absolutely correct. an intermediate host (if an organism can be a vector) but the intermediate host can also be an environmental reservoir, like faeces in grass. I don't know of a specific example where the intermediate host is harmed. It would defeat the puprsoe of using them. If they die, then the life cycle cannot continue for that particular pathogenic organism. VM//

1. When asked to compare the amount of energy produced by aerobic/anaerobic respiration, are you correct by saying: Anaerobic- 2 ATP (per glucose molecule) aerobic 36-38 ATP (per glucose molecule) 2. I still havent really grasped the concept of C3, C4 and CAM. i know that: C3 work best at cooler temperatures C4 at hot temepratures CAM in hot, dry environements but i dont really understand why. **
 * Q. Good afternoon VM. Question time:

//Good evening gossip girl! Answer time. number 1: you are spot on! you need to inlcude the 2 ATP during glycolysis for aerobic respiration. Also, know the breakdown of how many ATP after glycolysis in case you are asked to compare krebs cycle to ETC. ie 2 ATP krebs and 32 ATP ETC. number 2: i would be surprised if you were asked to explain the ins and outs of why C3, C4 and CAM is better or worse depending on certain conditions. Know the difference between them and that they are all to do with photosynthesis. that is, C3 vs C4, because C3 plants would need to keep their stomata open for longer compared to C4 plants (C4 are better at getting and using CO2 from air), C4 plants can cope with hotter conditions better than C3 plants (which would lose too much water in that environement). CAM is a strategy that plants utilise in hot/dry conditions (low water availibility) by keeping stomata closed during day (so loss of water by transpiration is minimised). But how do they photosynthesise during the day (when all the light is avialable but they cannot get CO2)? Well they open their stomata at night to get CO2 and store it in another form in the leaves. Then during the day it is converted back to CO2 to use for photosynthesis, that way they don't need to open stomata during day. VM//

Ok biol clan we have our special guest speaker on Thursday 5th June. In the table below list 1. any specific concept you would like explained 2. any question you would like answered 3. any advice about study prior to the exam 4. any advice about exam technique 4. any advice about dealing with VCAA questions Hopefully our guest speaker will be able to address as many of your queries during the 80min session.


 * = **Concepts ** ||= **Questions ** ||= **Advice ** ||
 * Explain the depolarisation of the nerve cell

Please explain C3, C4 and CAM plants. What are the differences?

How do you deal with experimental questions. What do you need to include? || <span style="COLOR: rgb(128,10,108)">What does the lymphatic system do and what are the important parts?

What are some of the physical/chemical barriers against pathogens in plants? || <span style="COLOR: rgb(128,10,108)">How do you learn the plant hormone stuff? <span style="COLOR: rgb(112,10,198)"><span style="COLOR: rgb(128,10,198)"><span style="COLOR: rgb(128,10,108)">What was your approach in the days prior to the exam? What did you do during reading time? How did you prepare yourself for the exam? especially in the final week before it? Did you find it better to do the multiple choice questions or the short answer questions first? || <span style="COLOR: rgb(0,21,255)">Dani is not incredibly amazing and is not really good looking, not to mention her 'amazing' skills on the smart board. Love her mum